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The Shemhamphorasch (alternatively Shem ha-Mephorash or Schemhamphoras, originally ' ()) is an originally Tannaitic term describing a hidden name of God in Kabbalah (including Christian and Hermetic variants), and in some more mainstream Jewish discourses. It is composed of either 4, 12, 22, 42, or 72 letters (or triads of letters), the last version being the most common.〔''Arguing with Angels: Enochian Magic and Modern Occulture'', by Egil Asprem, SUNY Press, 2 Apr 2012, (p.33 )〕〔''The Black Arts'', by Richard Cavendish, Penguin Group, p.119〕〔''Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology'' (Fifth edition), "Shemhamphorash", ed. J. Gordon Melton, Gale Group, p. 1399〕〔''(Jewish Magic and Superstition )'', by Joshua Trachtenberg, Behrman's Jewish Book House, 1939; hosted at (The Internet Sacred Text Archive ), 2008; (p.90-98 ) and (notes for the section on p.288 and onward )〕〔''Magic, Mystery, and Science: The Occult in Western Civilization'', by Dan Burton and David Grandy, Indiana University Press, 2004, (p.69 )〕〔''Sepher Raziel Hemelach: The Book of the Angel Raziel'', trans. Steve Savedow, Weiser Books, p.18〕〔''The Goetia of Dr Rudd'', by Thomas Rudd, Ed. Stephen Skinner & David Rankine, 2007, Golden Hoard Press. p.14, 39-44, 67-73〕 == 12-, 22-, and 42-letter versions == Maimonides thought the Shem ha-Mephorash was used only for the four letter Tetragrammaton.〔 A 12-letter variant appears in the Talmud, though it was unknown in later Kabbalah and completely absent from Jewish magic.〔 A 22-letter variant is first written down in Sefer Raziel HaMalakh,〔〔 without interpretation, as (likely transliterated as '). Its origins are unknown, with no connection to Hebrew or Aramaic being found, and no agreement on any particular Greek or Zoroastrian origin. There are Geonic precedents for the name, indicating that the name is older than Sefer Raziel.〔 A 42-letter variant was described by Hai Gaon as . He wrote "Although the consonants of this name are well known, its proper vocalization is not rendered by tradition. Some pronounce its first part ''Adgitaẓ'', and others ''Adigtaẓ'', and the last part is sometimes read ''Shakvaẓit'', and sometimes ''Shekuẓit'', but there is no definite proof." This variation in pronunciation was understood by Joshua Trachtenberg to indicate that this version is quite ancient, the vowels in Hebrew being easily lost over time. It is, by some means, derived from the first 42 letters of the Hebrew Bible.〔 Like the 22-letter name, it is found in Sefer Raziel.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shemhamphorasch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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